Resolv(RESOLV) Whitepaper

CRYPTO-ASSET WHITE PAPER - [RESOLV]

Version Number: 1.0

Document Type: White Paper

Document Author Offeror: OKX Europe Limited

Document Status: APPROVED

Language: English

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. DATE OF NOTIFICATION II. STATEMENTS III. WARNING IV. INFORMATION ON RISKS

1. Offer-Related Risks

2. Issuer-Related Risks

3. Crypto-Assets-Related Risks

4. Project Implementation-Related Risks

5. Technology-Related Risks

6. Mitigation Measures V. GENERAL INFORMATION A. Information of the Offeror or the Person Seeking Admission to Trading B. Information of the Issuer C. Information about OKX Europe Limited ("OKX") VI. INFORMATION ABOUT THE CRYPTO-ASSET D. Information about the Crypto-Asset Project E. Information about the Offer to the Public of the Crypto-Asset or Its Admission to Trading F. Information about the Crypto-Assets G. Information about the Rights and Obligations Attached to the Crypto-Asset H. Information about the Underlying Technology I. Information on the Principal Adverse Impacts on the Climate and Other Environmental-Related Adverse Impacts of the Consensus Mechanism Used to Issue the Crypto-Asset. VII. GLOSSARY

I. DATE OF NOTIFICATION

The Date of Notification of this Crypto-Asset White Paper is 2025-11-20.

II. STATEMENTS

A. This Crypto-Asset White Paper has not been approved by any Competent Authority in any Member State of the European Union. OKX Europe Limited is solely responsible for the content of this Crypto-Asset White Paper.

B. This Crypto-Asset White Paper complies with Title II of the Regulation (EU) 2923/1114, to the best of the knowledge of the management body, the information presented in the Crypto-Asset White Paper is fair, clear, and not misleading and the Crypto-Asset White Paper makes no omission likely to affect its import.

C. The Crypto-Asset White Paper provides that RESOLV may not be transferable, or liquid, or lose its value, in part or in full.

D. The Utility Token referred to in this Crypto-Asset White Paper may not be exchangeable against the good or service promised in the Crypto-Asset White Paper, especially in the case of a failure or discontinuation of the Crypto-Asset Project. This statement is TRUE.

E. The Crypto-Asset referred to in this Crypto-Asset White Paper is not covered by the investor compensation schemes under the Directive 97/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.

F. The Crypto-Asset referred to in this Crypto-Asset White Paper is not covered by the deposit guarantee schemes under Directive 2014/49/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.

III. WARNING

A. The summary should be read in conjunction with the content of the Crypto-Asset White Paper.

B. The Prospective Holder should base any decision to purchase this Crypto-Asset on the content of the Crypto-Asset White Paper as a whole and not on the summary alone.

C. The offer to the public of the Crypto-Asset does not constitute an offer or solicitation to purchase financial instruments and that any such offer or solicitation can be made only by means of a prospectus or other offer documents pursuant to the applicable National Law.

D. This Crypto-Asset White Paper does not constitute a prospectus as referred to in the Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and the Council or any other offer document pursuant to the European Union or National Law.

E. RESOLV is an ERC-20 utility and governance token deployed on the Ethereum blockchain, with an equivalent BEP-20 deployment on the BNB Smart Chain. It has a fixed maximum supply of 1,000,000,000 tokens. The token is designed to facilitate governance of the Resolv protocol, allowing holders to participate in future voting processes. It can also be staked (as stRESOLV) to receive rewards and incentive boosts.

F. Holding RESOLV provides access to staking functionalities, allowing users to lock their tokens for stRESOLV to earn rewards and boost points in incentive programs. It is intended to grant future governance rights, enabling holders to vote on protocol parameters, upgrades, and treasury allocations once the DAO is launched. The RESOLV token is freely and instantly transferable, utilising the underlying blockchain network's standard processes.

G. This whitepaper is published solely in connection with the admission to trading of the RESOLV token on OKX Europe Limited's trading platform. There has been no offer of the crypto-asset to the public, and the crypto-asset has not been made available in exchange for fiat currency or other crypto-assets prior to its listing. The crypto-asset will be admitted to trading via OKX Europe Limited, an authorised crypto-asset service provider ("CASP") operating within the European Union. The trading admission does not involve any subscription, sale, or fundraising process. The purpose of this document is to provide key information regarding the characteristics of the crypto-asset, its governance, rights, and associated risks, to enable informed decision-making by users and market participants in the context of its admission to trading. Access to the crypto-asset on the trading platform may be subject to user verification, platform conditions, or applicable legal restrictions depending on the jurisdiction.

IV. INFORMATION ON RISKS

1. Offer-Related Risks

This whitepaper is submitted by OKX Europe Limited solely for the purpose of the assets admission to trading. No public offer of RESOLV tokens is being made by the issuer or OKX Europe Limited.

Risks associated with the admission to trading include:

• Service-related Interruption: Holders may be unable to access the utility due to technical, operation, or regulatory disruptions.

• Jurisdictional limitations: RESOLV services or token utility may not be available in all jurisdictions, potentially restricting access.

• Platform Reliance: Access depends on third-party infrastructure (wallets, platforms) and service interruptions or failures may affect token utility.

• Limited Liability: OKX Europe Limited assumes no responsibility for the issuers project continuation, and token ownership does not confer contractual rights or guarantees.

• Unexpected Risks: Beyond the risks outlined in this whitepaper, there may be additional risks that are currently unforeseen. It is imperative to note that certain risks may emerge from unforeseen events, changes, or interactions among factors that are difficult to predict. These unexpected risks may significantly and negatively impact the crypto-asset, the project, or the parties involved.

2. Issuer-Related Risks

• Operational Risks: There is a risk that the issuer may face financial or operational difficulties, including insolvency, which could impact the continued development or availability of the services associated with the RESOLV token.

• Counterparty Risks: Counterparty risks may arise where the issuer relies on third-party service providers or technology partners.

• Reputational Risks: Adverse media and/or damage or loss of key personnel could negatively affect the ecosystem that the RESOLV token lives on.

• Competition Risk: The issuer may face increased competition or changes in market conditions that affect its ability to carry out its objectives.

• Regulatory Risks: The issuer may be subject to investigations, enforcement actions, or change in regulation that affect the tokens legal status in certain jurisdictions.

• Disclosure Risks: The issuer may not be required to provide financial statements, limiting RESOLV token holders visibility into the financial health status of the issuer/project.

• Issuer Risks: The information provided is based solely on publicly available sources and does not constitute any form of guarantee or warranty as to its accuracy or completeness.

• Governance Risk: Projects that lack a formal, decentralised community governance mechanism, with decisions regarding protocol upgrades, treasury management, and strategic direction being made centrally by the project team may increase project centralisation risks. As a result, the direction of the project may rest predominantly with the issuer or a small group of contributors, which may affect the transparency of future changes, reduce alignment with user interests, and expose the project to operational or reputational risks if those central parties encounter difficulties or act in a manner contrary to the expectations of the broader community.

3. Crypto-Assets-Related Risks

• Market Volatility: The RESOLV token may be subject to significant volatility and could lose value rapidly, either due to market conditions or otherwise (issuer-related/technology/project implementation risks)

• Utility Risk: The RESOLV tokens utility depends on access to certain services, and any modification or discontinuation of those services could reduce the associated utility of the token.

• Smart Contract Risk: The RESOLV token may operate through smart contracts that may contain vulnerabilities, even if audited, and upgrades to the protocol or governance changes may affect functionality.

• Liquidity Risk: Periods of low/limited liquidity may occur, particularly if the demand for the token or its use case decreases, which could have adverse effects on the RESOLV tokens price and future use cases.

• Holding Concentration Risk: A small number of holders controlling a large portion of the circulating supply may create risks of security concerns, price manipulation, sudden sell-offs, or influence of key governance decisions.

• Token Unlock Risk: Scheduled vesting cliffs and token unlocks may significantly increase circulating supply, potentially causing volatility and/or downward price pressure.

4. Project Implementation-Related Risks

• Scalability Issues: There is a risk that the project may not be implemented or scaled as intended. Technical limitations or infrastructure bottlenecks could hinder the expected scalability of the project, especially if user demand exceeds network or protocol capacity.

• Governance Risk: The project may be subject to governance processes that involve on-chain voting or community proposals. Misaligned incentives, low participation, or malicious actors may affect the outcome of governance decisions and disrupt the project's roadmap.

• Centralisation Risk: Similar to governance risks outlined above, centralisation within the governance process, or validator centralisation could lead to a lack of decentralization within the network, which carries future risks in terms of trust within the project, and also in regards to future roadmaps where plans may not reflect the interests of the broader user base.

5. Technology-Related Risks

• Blockchain Performance Risk: The Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain blockchains, on which the token is issued, may experience downtime or congestion, which could delay or prevent token transfer or utility usage.

• Consensus Failure Risk: A failure in the blockchains' consensus mechanism could result in halted transactions, unexpected behavior, or loss in network integrity.

• Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: Although the token uses audited or standard smart contract makeups (ERC-20 and BEP-20 standards), undetected bugs, exploits, or implementation errors could compromise functionality or security.

• Upgradeability Risk: If the token or related contracts are upgradeable and have designated "owner" addresses, this introduces a central point of failure, and could be misused by malicious actors.

• Third-party Infrastructure Dependency: Interaction with the token or project may rely on external infrastructure (APIs, wallet services, off-chain governance voting). Outages or attacks may interrupt access to token-related services.

• Interoperability Risk: If the token interacts with other chains, bridges, or oracles, failures or exploits in those systems could affect the tokens operations.

• Protocol-level Risk: Upgrades or forks of the protocol itself may affect the token, which could lead to compatibility issues and/or unexpected token behaviour.

• Emerging Technology Risk: Advances in computing or undiscovered vulnerabilities in cryptographic algorithms may pose long-term security risks to the blockchain or associated smart contracts.

6. Mitigation Measures

• Blockchain Performance Risk: The underlying blockchains mitigate performance risks in several ways. The Ethereum network operates on a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism and is undergoing scalability upgrades. It uses a gas fee market (EIP-1559) to manage congestion and allow users to prioritise transactions. The BNB Smart Chain operates on a Proof-of-Staked Authority (PoSA) consensus mechanism, which uses a set of active validators to achieve high throughput and low transaction fees, managing congestion through its own gas fee market.

• Consensus Failure Risk: Both networks have mechanisms to ensure network integrity. Ethereum's PoS consensus relies on a large, globally distributed set of validators who stake ETH as collateral. Malicious behaviour is deterred by "slashing" penalties, and network integrity is secured by finality checkpoints. BNB Smart Chain's PoSA consensus relies on a limited set of elected validators who stake BNB. Network integrity is maintained by this validator set, which is responsible for confirming transactions and producing blocks.

• Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: This token is deployed using widely adopted standards: ERC-20 on Ethereum and BEP-20 on BNB Smart Chain. The BEP-20 standard is fully compatible with the ERC-20 standard. The security of these token standards is bolstered by their extensive use, open-source nature, and continuous community review. On both Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain, developers mitigate risks by using battle-tested libraries like OpenZeppelin. While this reduces the risk of token-level bugs, vulnerabilities could still exist in other smart contracts that interact with the token.

• Upgradeability Risk: The risk associated with upgradeable contracts is mitigated by on-chain governance and security practices. On Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain, the primary mitigation for contracts with "owner" addresses is to secure those addresses. This is typically achieved by requiring multiple signatures (a "multisig") for any change, implementing mandatory time-delays that allow users to review and react to pending upgrades, or by renouncing ownership entirely, making the contract immutable. In many cases, this control is transitioned to a token-holders' DAO.

• Third-party Infrastructure Dependency: To mitigate reliance on single, centralised service providers, the ecosystems of both chains support a diverse set of infrastructure. For Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain, decentralised indexing protocols (e.g., The Graph) and multiple independent RPC providers are available, allowing applications to avoid a single point of failure and ensuring high availability and censorship resistance.

• Interoperability Risk: This token relies on bridges to move between Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain. This risk is mitigated by the use of established and audited bridging technologies. Transfers between these networks may rely on the official BNB Chain bridge or various third-party bridges, which have their own security models (often involving multisig contracts or light client nodes) and are subject to their own extensive audits.

• Protocol-level Risk: Both blockchains manage protocol upgrades through public and transparent processes. Ethereum's roadmap and upgrades (EIPs) are subject to extensive public research, developer discussion, and testing. BNB Smart Chain's protocol development (BEPs) is managed by its core development community and validator set, with network upgrades publicly discussed, validated on testnets, and progressively rolled out to the mainnet.

• Emerging Technology Risk: Long-term threats, such as advancements in quantum computing, are actively monitored by the core development communities of both networks. The Ethereum Foundation is actively researching and developing quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions. As BNB Smart Chain is EVM-compatible, it benefits from the research and development within the wider Ethereum ecosystem. The modular architectures of both networks are designed to allow for future cryptographic upgrades if a threat becomes viable.

V. GENERAL INFORMATION

A. Information of the Offeror or the Person Seeking Admission to Trading

• A.1 Name: N/A

• A.2 Legal Entity Identifier (LEI): N/A

• A.3 Legal Form, if applicable: N/A

• A.4 Registered Office, if applicable: N/A

• A.5 Head Office, if applicable: N/A

• A.6 Date of Registration [YYYY-MM-DD]: N/A

• A.7 Legal Entity Number: N/A

• A.8 Contact Telephone Number: N/A

• A.9 E-Mail Address: N/A

• A.10 Response Time (days): N/A

• A.11 Members of Management Body: N/A

• A.12 Business Activity: N/A

• A.13 Newly Established: N/A

• A.14 Financial Condition for the past Three Years: N/A

• A.15 Financial Condition since Registration: N/A

• A.16 Parent Company, if applicable: N/A

• A.17 Parent Company Business Activity, if applicable: N/A

B. Information of the Issuer

This section shall ONLY be completed if the information is different to that listed in section 1, above.

• B.1 Is the Issuer different from an offeror or person seeking admission to trading?: TRUE

• B.2 Name: Resolv Digital Assets Ltd

• B.3 Legal Entity Identifier (LEI): No information could be identified in regards to this field at the time of drafting this whitepaper.

• B.4 Legal Form, if applicable: Private Limited Company

• B.5 Registered Office, if applicable: Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

• B.6 Head Office, if applicable: Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

• B.7 Date of Registration [YYYY-MM-DD]: No information could be identified in regards to this field at the time of drafting this whitepaper.

• B.8 Legal Entity Number: No information could be identified in regards to this field at the time of drafting this whitepaper.

• B.9 Members of the Management Body:

  • Line ID 1: Identity - No information could be identified; Business Address - No information could be identified; Function - No information could be identified.

• B.10 Business Activity: Resolv Digital Assets Ltd is the entity responsible for any use, purchase, sale, and redemption of the Resolv Tokens (USR and RLP) and the Resolv Protocol. Resolv Digital Assets Ltd issues and redeems both USR and RLP tokens and maintains the Resolv Collateral Pool.

• B.11 Parent Company: No information could be identified in regards to this field at the time of drafting this whitepaper.

• B.12 Parent Company Business Activity: No information could be identified in regards to this field at the time of drafting this whitepaper.

C. Information about OKX Europe Limited ("OKX")

This section shall ONLY be completed if OKX draws up the Crypto-Asset White Paper.

• C.1 Name: OKX Europe Limited

• C.2 Legal Entity Identifier: 54930069NLWEIGLHXU42

• C.3 Legal Form, if applicable: Private Limited Company

• C.4 Registered Office, if applicable: Piazzetta Business Plaza, Office Number 4, Floor 2, Triq Ghar il-Lembi, Sliema SLM1562, Malta

• C.5 Head Office, if applicable: See C.4

• C.6 Date of Registration: 2018-09-07

• C.7 Legal Entity Registration Number: C 88193

• C.8 Members of Management Body:

  • Line ID 1: Identity - Erald Henri J. Ghoos (Belgian); Business Address - See C.4; Function - Director

  • Line ID 2: Identity - Fang Hong (American); Business Address - See C.4; Function - Director

  • Line ID 3: Identity - Joseph Portelli (Maltese); Business Address - See C.4; Function - Director

  • Line ID 4: Identity - Wei Man Cheung (Dutch); Business Address - See C.4; Function - Director

• C.9 Business Activity: OKX Europe Limited is licensed as a Crypto-Asset Service Provider by the Malta Financial Services Authority, bearing licence number OEUR-24352, to provide crypto services under the Markets in Crypto-Assets Act, Chapter 647, Laws of Malta and is the operator of a Trading Platform for Crypto Assets, in accordance with Article 3(1)(18) of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA).

• C.10 Reason for Crypto-Asset White Paper Preparation: This crypto-asset whitepaper has been prepared in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 (MiCA) for the purpose of:

  • The admission to trading of RESOLV on regulated platforms, starting with the OKX Exchange. OKX Europe Limited as a result of being a licenced CASP endeavours to fulfill the obligations established under MiCA and the respective MFSA guidelines to:

  • Notify this whitepaper to the MFSA;

  • Publish the whitepaper publicly;

  • And ensure its registration in the MiCA register maintained by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA).

  • This whitepaper has been prepared to provide transparent, accurate, and fair information to prospective token holders and regulatory authorities in line with the principles of MiCA.

• C.11 Parent Company: OKC International Holding Company Limited

• C.12 Parent Company Business Activity: The primary business activity of the parent company is holding of investments.

Other Information

*This section shall ONLY be completed if someone, other those referenced in Section 1 to 3, compile and complete the Crypto-Asset White Paper.*

• C.13 Other Persons drawing up the Crypto-Asset White Paper: N/A

• C.14 Reason for Crypto-Asset White Paper Preparation: N/A

VI. INFORMATION ABOUT THE CRYPTO-ASSET

D. Information about the Crypto-Asset Project

• D.1 Project Name: Resolv

• D.2 Crypto-Assets Name: RESOLV

• D.3 Abbreviation: RESOLV

• D.4 Crypto-Asset Project Description: Resolv is a stablecoin protocol focused on crypto-native yield distribution. It issues USR, a stablecoin pegged to the US Dollar and backed by Ether (ETH) and Bitcoin (BTC). The protocol maintains stability using a delta-neutral strategy, hedging its ETH and BTC collateral with short perpetual futures positions. A liquid insurance pool, the Resolv Liquidity Pool (RLP), absorbs residual risks like funding rate volatility to ensure USR remains overcollateralized.

• D.5 Details of all natural or legal persons involved in the implementation of the Crypto-Asset Project:

  • Tim Shekikhachev: Co-Founder at Resolv Labs (Barcelona, Spain)

  • Nikita Glukhov: Lead Product / Quantitative Researcher - DeFi at Resolv (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

  • Fedor Chmilev: Co-Founder at Resolv Labs (United Kingdom)

  • Sasha Goldberg: Head of Trading at Resolv Labs (Israel)

  • Ivan Kozlov: Co-Founder at Resolv Labs (Dubai, United Arab Emirates)

• D.6 Utility Token Classification: TRUE

• D.7 Key Features of Goods/Services for Utility Token Projects, if applicable: The Resolv protocol provides a platform for issuing and redeeming the USR stablecoin and managing collateral pools. The protocol utilizes a delta-neutral hedging mechanism with perpetual futures to maintain the stablecoin's peg. It also features the Resolv Liquidity Pool (RLP), an insurance pool that absorbs residual risks.

• D.8 Plans for the Token:

  • Past Milestones: The Resolv project was founded in 2023 and publicly launched its protocol in September 2024. The project successfully raised a $10 million seed round in April 2025. The RESOLV token was deployed on the Ethereum mainnet in May 2025. The first phase of its incentive program, Season 1, distributed 10% of the total token supply.

  • Future Milestones: The project does not have a formal, public roadmap. However, a founder's letter outlines future priorities, including expanding the yield sources for the protocol, incorporating additional collateral types such as BTC, enhancing distribution across different chains and platforms, and improving the utility of the USR stablecoin through a more scalable and risk-segregated architecture. Protocol governance, which will utilize the RESOLV token, is planned but not yet launched.

• D.9 Resource Allocation, if applicable: The RESOLV token has a total maximum supply of 1,000,000,000 tokens. The allocation is as follows:

  • Ecosystem & Community: 36.9% (Up to 10% unlocked at TGE; 24-month unlock schedule for the rest)

  • Team & Contributors: 26.7% (1-year cliff; 30 months linear vesting)

  • Investors: 22.4% (1-year cliff; 24 months linear vesting)

  • Airdrop Season 1: 10% (Fully unlocked at TGE, with short-term lockups for top wallets)

  • Airdrop Season 2: 4% (Minimum allocation)

• D.10 Planned Use of Collected Funds or Crypto-Assets, if applicable: The project raised $10 million in a seed round in April, 2025, from various venture capital firms. The specific use of these collected funds was not publicly disclosed. Additionally, the project's token allocations include 36.9% for 'Ecosystem & Community'.

E. Information about the Offer to the Public of the Crypto-Asset or Its Admission to Trading

• E.1 Public Offering or Admission to Trading: ATTR

• E.2 Reasons for Public Offer or Admission to Trade: Facilitating secondary trading for users on the OKX Trading platform in compliance with the MiCA regulatory framework.

• E.3 Fundraising Target, if applicable: N/A

• E.4 Minimum Subscription Goals, if applicable: N/A

• E.5 Maximum Subscription Goals, if applicable: N/A

• E.6 Oversubscription Acceptance: N/A

• E.7 Oversubscription Allocation, if applicable: N/A

• E.8 Issue Price: N/A

• E.9 Official Currency or Any Other Crypto-Assets determining the Issue Price: N/A

• E.10 Subscription Fee: N/A

• E.11 Offer Price Determination Method: N/A

• E.12 Total Number of Offered/Traded Crypto-Assets, if applicable: 1,000,000,000

• E.13 Targeted Holders: N/A

• E.14 Holder Restrictions: N/A

• E.15 Reimbursement Notice: N/A

• E.16 Refund Mechanism: N/A

• E.17 Refund Timeline: N/A

• E.18 Offer Phases: N/A

• E.19 Early Purchase Discount: N/A

• E.20 Time-Limited Offer: N/A

• E.21 Subscription Period, beginning [YYYY-MM-DD]: N/A

• E.22 Subscription Period, end [YYYY-MM-DD]: N/A

• E.23 Safeguarding Arrangement for Offered Funds/Crypto-Assets: N/A

• E.24 Payment Methods for Crypto-Asset Purchase: In line with OKX current payment method offering.

• E.25 Value Transfer Methods for Reimbursement: N/A

• E.26 Right of Withdrawal, if applicable: N/A

• E.27 Transfer of Purchased Crypto-Assets: In line with OKX current Terms of Service.

• E.28 Transfer Time Schedule [YYYY-MM-DD]: N/A

• E.29 Purchaser's Technical Requirements: In line with OKX current Terms of Service.

• E.30 Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) name, if applicable: OKX Europe Limited

• E.31 CASP identifier, if applicable: 54930069NLWEIGLHXU42

• E.32 Placement Form: NTAV

• E.33 Trading Platforms Name, if applicable: OKX

• E.34 Trading Platforms Market Identifier Code (MIC): n/a

• E.35 Trading Platforms Access, if applicable: Users may access RESOLV through the OKX Trading Platform via the Application Program Interface ("API"), the Application Software ("OKX App"), as well as the official OKX website as follows; www.okx.com.

• E.36 Involved Costs, if applicable: In line with the OKX current Terms of Service.

• E.37 Offer Expenses: n/a

• E.38 Conflicts of Interest: A crypto-asset is listed following a decision rendered independently by the Listing Committee in line with the internal policies of OKX Europe Limited. Any potential disclosures that may arise of conflicts of interest are published on the OKX website.

• E.39 Applicable Law: Malta

• E.40 Competent Court: Malta

F. Information about the Crypto-Assets

• F.1 Crypto-Asset Type: Other Crypto-Asset

• F.2 Crypto-Asset Functionality: The RESOLV token is designed as the protocol's utility and governance token. Its primary current utility is staking; holders can stake RESOLV to receive stRESOLV. This stRESOLV grants access to staking rewards and provides a points boost in Resolv's incentive programs. The token's main contemplated feature is governance. Once the governance framework is launched, stRESOLV holders will be eligible to vote on proposals, which are expected to include adjusting protocol metrics, approving new integrations, allocating grants, and managing the protocol treasury, including potential token buybacks.

• F.3 Planned Application of Functionalities: Core features such as token trading and staking for points boosts and rewards are fully available. Key contemplated features, most notably protocol governance participation, are not yet available. These features are in development and planned for a progressive rollout.

• F.4 Type of White Paper: OTHR

• F.5 Type of Submission: NEWT

• F.6 Crypto-Asset Characteristics: RESOLV is a utility and governance token deployed as an ERC-20 token on the Ethereum network and a BEP-20 token on the BNB Smart Chain. It has a fixed maximum supply of 1,000,000,000 (one billion) tokens, and no new tokens can be minted.

• F.7 Commercial Name or Trading Name, if applicable: Resolv Digital Assets Ltd

• F.8 Website of the Issuer: https://resolv.xyz/

• F.9 Starting Date of Offer to the Public or Admission to Trading [YYYY-MM-DD]: 2025-06-10

• F.10 Publication Date [YYYY-MM-DD]: 2025-12-18

• F.11 Any Other Services Provided by the Issuer: N/A

• F.12 Identifier of Operator of the Trading Platform: N/A

• F.13 Language/s of the White Paper: English

• F.14 Digital Token Identifier Code used to uniquely identify the Crypto-Asset or each of the several Crypto-Assets to which the White Paper relates, where available: N/A

• F.15 Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier, where available: N/A

• F.16 Voluntary Data Flag: FALSE

• F.17 Personal Data Flag: TRUE

• F.18 LEI Eligibility: N/A

• F.19 Home Member State: Malta

• F.20 Host Member States: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Ireland, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden

G. Information about the Rights and Obligations Attached to the Crypto-Asset

• G.1 Purchaser Rights and Obligations: There are no obligations attached for the purchaser. Purchasers of the RESOLV token obtain the right to stake the token with the project to receive stRESOLV. This provides the right to earn staking rewards and a points boost in the protocol's incentive programs. It also provides the contemplated right to participate in future protocol governance, including voting on proposals, though this feature is not yet launched. Ownership of the token does not grant any claim to profits, dividends, or assets of the issuer.

• G.2 Exercise of Rights and Obligations: There are no obligations to exercise. The right to stake can be exercised by any holder through the project's interface. The right to receive staking rewards is activated upon staking. The (future) right to governance will be exercised by holders of stRESOLV (the staked token) through an on-chain voting mechanism once it is enabled.

• G.3 Conditions for Modifications of Rights and Obligations: As there are no obligations, no conditions for their modification exist. The rights attached to the token, particularly governance rights, may be modified by the future governance process itself. Currently, as governance is not active, the project team retains control over the protocol and services, and thus could modify the conditions or features associated with the token.

• G.4 Future Public Offers, if applicable: N/A

• G.5 Issuer Retained Crypto-Assets, if applicable: At the token generation event, 26.7% of the total supply was allocated to 'Team & Contributors'. These tokens are subject to a 1-year cliff and 30 months of linear vesting.

• G.6 Utility Token Classification: TRUE

• G.7 Key Features of Goods/Services of Utility Tokens: The token provides access to staking contracts, allowing holders to earn rewards and incentive boosts. It is also intended to provide access to the protocol's governance system (once launched), allowing holders to vote on key protocol decisions such as parameter changes, treasury allocations, and new integrations.

• G.8 Utility Tokens Redemption, if applicable: The RESOLV token is not redeemable for a specific good or service in a traditional sense. Its utility is exercised by interacting with the protocol's smart contracts (i.e., staking for stRESOLV) or participating in the future governance process. It does not represent a claim for redemption against the issuer for any off-chain asset or service.

• G.9 Non-Trading Request: TRUE

• G.10 Crypto-Assets Purchase or Sale Modalities: N/A

• G.11 Crypto-Assets Transfer Restrictions: In line with OKX current Terms of Service.

• G.12 Supply Adjustment Protocols: N/A

• G.13 Supply Adjustments Mechanisms: N/A

• G.14 Token Value Protection Schemes: FALSE

• G.15 Token Value Protection Schemes Description: N/A

• G.16 Compensation Schemes: FALSE

• G.17 Compensation Schemes Description, if applicable: N/A

• G.18 Applicable Law: Malta

• G.19 Competent Court: Malta

H. Information about the Underlying Technology

• H.1 Distributed Ledger Technology, if applicable: The RESOLV token is deployed on the Ethereum blockchain, which operates as a public, decentralized distributed ledger. The token is also traceable on the BNB Smart Chain, which is a separate, EVM-compatible distributed ledger.

• H.2 Protocols and Technical Standards: The RESOLV token is implemented across multiple blockchains, adhering to the native token standards of each respective network to ensure interoperability and functionality.

  • Ethereum (ERC-20): The primary deployment of the RESOLV token is as an ERC-20 token on the Ethereum blockchain. ERC-20 is the widely adopted standard for fungible tokens on Ethereum, defining a common interface that enables consistent interaction with smart contracts, decentralised applications (dApps), wallets, and exchanges within the Ethereum ecosystem.

  • BNB Smart Chain (BEP-20): The token also exists as a BEP-20 token on the BNB Smart Chain (BSC). The BEP-20 standard is designed to be fully compatible with Ethereum's ERC-20, which allows for seamless asset transfers and dApp interactions across both EVM-compatible networks. This deployment provides users with an alternative environment that typically offers lower transaction fees and faster confirmation times.

• H.3 Technology Used, if relevant: The RESOLV token is deployed on the Ethereum blockchain using the ERC‑20 token standard. Ethereum is a general-purpose Layer 1 blockchain that supports smart contract execution via the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The token contract is written in Solidity and interacts with the Ethereum network using RPC-compatible clients, which enables its composability with Ethereum's extensive DeFi and DAO infrastructure. The token's deployment on the EVM-compatible BNB Smart Chain similarly utilizes a Solidity-based smart contract and RPC-clients to interact with that network's ecosystem.

• H.4 Consensus Mechanism, if applicable: The Ethereum network utilizes a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. Validators are required to stake ETH as collateral for the right to propose and attest to new blocks of transactions. This model uses economic incentives to secure the network, as validators risk forfeiting their stake if they act maliciously. This mechanism ensures the integrity of the blockchain and the finality of all RESOLV token transactions executed on Ethereum. The BNB Smart Chain operates on a Proof-of-Staked-Authority (PoSA) consensus model, which uses a limited set of validators selected based on their staked BNB. This hybrid approach enables faster block times and higher transaction throughput. This model ensures the integrity of the blockchain and the execution of all RESOLV token transactions on the BNB Smart Chain.

• H.5 Incentive Mechanisms and Applicable Fees: On Ethereum, validators earn rewards in ETH for securing the network, and users pay gas fees in ETH to execute transactions, including RESOLV token transfers. Similarly, transactions on the BNB Smart Chain require BNB for gas fees. These fees compensate validators/miners for processing transactions and vary based on network congestion.

• H.6 Use of Distributed Ledger Technology: FALSE

• H.7 DLT Functionality Description: N/A

• H.8 Audit of the Technology Used: TRUE

• H.9 Audit Outcome, if applicable: The Resolv protocol has undergone multiple public and verifiable smart contract audits since May 2024, conducted by firms including MixBytes, Pessimistic, Pashov, and Sherlock. The audits covered token contracts, staking contracts (stUSR, wstUSR), reward distribution, redemption extensions, and price storage systems. All audit reports are available in the project's documentation here; https://docs.resolv.xyz/litepaper/resources/security.

I. Information on the Principal Adverse Impacts on the Climate and Other Environmental-Related Adverse Impacts of the Consensus Mechanism Used to Issue the Crypto-Asset.

• I.1 Name: OKX Europe Limited

• I.2 Relevant legal entity identifier: 54930069NLWEIGLHXU42

• I.3 Name of the crypto-asset: resolv

• I.4 Consensus Mechanism: The crypto-asset's Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, introduced with The Merge in 2022, replaces mining with validator staking. Validators must stake at least 32 ETH every block a validator is randomly chosen to propose the next block. Once proposed the other validators verify the blocks integrity. The network operates on a slot and epoch system, where a new block is proposed every 12 seconds, and finalization occurs after two epochs (~12.8 minutes) using Casper-FFG. The Beacon Chain coordinates validators, while the fork-choice rule (LMD-GHOST) ensures the chain follows the heaviest accumulated validator votes. Validators earn rewards for proposing and verifying blocks, but face slashing for malicious behavior or inactivity. PoS aims to improve energy efficiency, security, and scalability, with future upgrades like Proto-Danksharding enhancing transaction efficiency.

• I.5 Incentive Mechanisms and Applicable Fees: The crypto-asset's PoS system secures transactions through validator incentives and economic penalties. Validators stake at least 32 ETH and earn rewards for proposing blocks, attesting to valid ones, and participating in sync committees. Rewards are paid in newly issued ETH and transaction fees. Under EIP-1559, transaction fees consist of a base fee, which is burned to reduce supply, and an optional priority fee (tip) paid to validators. Validators face slashing if they act maliciously and incur penalties for inactivity. This system aims to increase security by aligning incentives while making the crypto-asset's fee structure more predictable and deflationary during high network activity.

• I.6 Beginning of the period to which the disclosure relates: 2024-11-06

• I.7 End of the period to which the disclosure relates: 2025-11-06

• I.8 Energy consumption: 253.85939 (kWh/a)

• I.9 Energy consumption sources and methodologies: The energy consumption of this asset is aggregated across multiple components: To determine the energy consumption of a token, the energy consumption of the network(s) ethereum is calculated first. For the energy consumption of the token, a fraction of the energy consumption of the network is attributed to the token, which is determined based on the activity of the crypto-asset within the network. When calculating the energy consumption, the Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier (FFG DTI) is used - if available - to determine all implementations of the asset in scope. The mappings are updated regularly, based on data of the Digital Token Identifier Foundation. The information regarding the hardware used and the number of participants in the network is based on assumptions that are verified with best effort using empirical data. In general, participants are assumed to be largely economically rational. As a precautionary principle, we make assumptions on the conservative side when in doubt, i.e. making higher estimates for the adverse impacts.

VII. GLOSSARY

• Consensus Mechanism: Shall mean the rules and procedures by which an agreement is reached, among the DLT network nodes, that a transaction is validated.

• Crypto-Asset: Shall mean a digital representation of a value or of a right that is able to be transferred and stored electronically using distributed ledger technology or similar technology.

• Distributed Ledger Technology or DLT: shall mean the technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers.

• Home Member State: Shall mean either (a) where the offeror or person seeking admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens has its registered office in the Union, the Member State where that offeror or person has its registered office; or (b) where the offeror or person seeking admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens has no registered office in the Union but does have one or more branches in the Union, the Member State chosen by that offeror or person from among the Member States where it has branches; or (c) where the offeror or person seeking admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens is established in a third country and has no branch in the Union, either the Member State where the crypto-assets are intended to be offered to the public for the first time or, at the choice of the offeror or person seeking admission to trading, the Member State where the first application for admission to trading of those crypto-assets is made; or (d) in the case of an Issuer of asset-referenced tokens, the Member State where the Issuer of asset-referenced tokens has its registered office; or (e) in the case of an Issuer of e-money tokens, the Member State where the Issuer of e-money tokens is authorised as a credit institution under Directive 2013/36/EU or as an electronic money institution under Directive 2009/110/EC; or (f) in the case of crypto-asset service providers, the Member State where the crypto-asset service provider has its registered office.

• Host Member State: Shall mean the Member State where an Offeror or Person Seeking Admission to Trading has made an offer to the Public of Crypto-Assets or is seeking admission to trading, or where a Crypto-Asset Service Provider provides crypto-asset services, where different from the Home Member State.

• Issuer: Shall mean a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, who issues crypto-assets.

• Management Body: Shall mean the body or bodies of an Issuer, Offeror, Person Seeking Admission to Trading, or of a Crypto-Asset Service Provider, which are appointed in accordance with National Law, which are empowered to set the entity's strategy, objectives and overall direction, and which oversee and monitor management decision-making in the entity and include the persons who effectively direct the business of the entity.

• Offer to the Public: Shall mean a communication to persons in any form, and by any means, presenting sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the crypto-assets to be offered so as to enable prospective holders to decide whether to purchase those crypto-assets.

• Offeror: Shall mean a natural or legal person, or other undertaking, or the Issuer, who offers crypto-assets to the public.

• Operator: Shall mean the entity that runs a trading platform for crypto-assets.

• Qualified Investors: Shall mean persons or entities that are listed in Section I, points (1) to (4), of Annex II to Directive 2014/65/EU.

• Retail Investor/Holder: Shall means any natural person who is acting for purposes which are outside that person's trade, business, craft or profession.

• Utility Token: Shall mean a type of crypto-asset that is only intended to provide access to a good or a service supplied by its Issuer.